Ma circuit board osindikizidwa ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa zipangizo zamagetsi zambiri. Ma PCB a masiku ano ali ndi zigawo zingapo: substrate, traces, solder mask, ndi silkscreen. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa PCB ndi mkuwa, ndipo pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe mkuwa umagwiritsidwira ntchito m'malo mwa zinthu zina monga aluminiyamu kapena tin.
Kodi ma PCB amapangidwa ndi chiyani?
Kampani yomanga ma PCB inanena kuti ma PCB amapangidwa ndi chinthu chotchedwa substrate, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi fiberglass yomwe imalimbikitsidwa ndi epoxy resin. Pamwamba pa substrate pali wosanjikiza wa foil wamkuwa womwe ungalumikizidwe mbali zonse ziwiri kapena imodzi yokha. Substrate ikapangidwa, opanga amaika zigawozo pamenepo. Amagwiritsa ntchito chigoba chosungunula ndi silkscreen pamodzi ndi resistors, capacitors, transistors, diodes, circuit chips, ndi zigawo zina zapadera kwambiri.
N’chifukwa chiyani Copper Foil imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu PCB?
Opanga ma PCB amagwiritsa ntchito mkuwa chifukwa uli ndi mphamvu zamagetsi komanso kutentha kwapamwamba. Pamene mphamvu yamagetsi ikuyenda limodzi ndi PCB, mkuwa umateteza kutentha kuti kusawononge ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya PCB yonse. Ndi zinthu zina zoyeretsera - monga aluminiyamu kapena tini - PCB imatha kutentha mosagwirizana ndipo sigwira ntchito bwino.
Mkuwa ndi chinthu chomwe chimakondedwa kwambiri chifukwa umatha kutumiza zizindikiro zamagetsi pa bolodi popanda vuto lililonse kutaya kapena kuchepetsa mphamvu ya magetsi. Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa kusamutsa kutentha kumalola opanga kuyika ma heat sinks apamwamba pamwamba. Mkuwa wokha ndi wothandiza, chifukwa ounce imodzi ya mkuwa imatha kuphimba gawo lalikulu la PCB pa mainchesi 1.4 kapena mainchesi 35.
Mkuwa umagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri chifukwa uli ndi elekitironi yaulere yomwe imatha kuyenda kuchokera ku atomu imodzi kupita ku inzake popanda kuchedwa. Chifukwa umakhalabe wogwira ntchito bwino pamlingo woonda kwambiri monga momwe umagwirira ntchito pamlingo wokhuthala, mkuwa pang'ono umathandiza kwambiri.
Mkuwa ndi Zitsulo Zina Zamtengo Wapatali Zomwe Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito mu PCB
Anthu ambiri amaona kuti ma PCB ndi obiriwira. Koma nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mitundu itatu pagawo lakunja: golide, siliva, ndi wofiira. Amakhalanso ndi mkuwa weniweni mkati ndi kunja kwa PCB. Zitsulo zina zomwe zili pa bolodi lamagetsi zimawonekera mumitundu yosiyanasiyana. Gawo lagolide ndilokwera mtengo kwambiri, gawo lasiliva lili ndi mtengo wachiwiri wapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo lofiira ndilokwera mtengo kwambiri.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Immersion Gold mu PCBs
mkuwa pa bolodi losindikizidwa la dera
Gawo lopangidwa ndi golide limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zidutswa zolumikizira ndi ma component pads. Gawo lopangidwa ndi golide wothira lilipo kuti lipewe kusuntha kwa maatomu pamwamba. Gawoli silili lagolide lokha, koma limapangidwa ndi golide weniweni. Golide ndi woonda kwambiri koma wokwanira kukulitsa moyo wa zigawo zomwe zimafunika kugulitsidwa. Golide amaletsa zigawo zogulitsidwa kuti zisawonongeke pakapita nthawi.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Siliva Yothira mu PCBs
Siliva ndi chitsulo china chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma PCB. Ndi chotsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa kumiza golide. Kumiza siliva kungagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwa kumiza golide chifukwa kumathandizanso kulumikizana, ndipo kumachepetsa mtengo wonse wa bolodi. Kumiza siliva nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma PCB omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto ndi zida zamakompyuta.
Laminate Yokhala ndi Mkuwa mu PCBs
M'malo mogwiritsa ntchito chovindikira, mkuwa umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chivundikiro. Uwu ndi wosanjikiza wofiira wa PCB, ndipo ndi chitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. PCB imapangidwa ndi mkuwa ngati chitsulo choyambira, ndipo ndikofunikira kuti ma circuits alumikizane ndikuyankhulana bwino.
Kodi Copper Foil Imagwiritsidwa Ntchito Bwanji mu PCB?
Mkuwa umagwiritsidwa ntchito kangapo mu ma PCB, kuyambira pa laminate yophimbidwa ndi mkuwa mpaka ku zinthu zotsalira. Mkuwa ndi wofunikira kuti ma PCB agwire ntchito moyenera.
Kodi PCB Trace ndi chiyani?
Chotsatira cha PCB ndi momwe chimamvekera, njira yoti dera litsatire. Chotsatiracho chimaphatikizapo netiweki ya mkuwa, mawaya, ndi zotetezera kutentha, komanso ma fuse ndi zigawo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa bolodi.
Njira yosavuta yomvetsetsa chizindikiro ndikuwona ngati msewu kapena mlatho. Kuti magalimoto agwirizane, chizindikirocho chiyenera kukhala chachikulu mokwanira kuti chigwire osachepera awiri. Chiyenera kukhala chokhuthala mokwanira kuti chisagwe pansi pa kukakamizidwa. Chiyeneranso kupangidwa ndi zipangizo zomwe zingapirire kulemera kwa magalimoto omwe amayenda pamenepo. Koma, zizindikirozo zimachita zonsezi pang'ono kwambiri kuti zisunthe magetsi m'malo mwa magalimoto.
Zigawo za PCB Trace
Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimapanga PCB trace. Zili ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti bolodi ligwire ntchito yake mokwanira. Mkuwa uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandiza ma trace kuchita ntchito zawo, ndipo popanda PCB, sitikanakhala ndi zida zamagetsi. Tangoganizirani dziko lopanda mafoni a m'manja, ma laputopu, opanga khofi, ndi magalimoto. Ndicho chimene tikanakhala nacho ngati ma PCB sakanagwiritsa ntchito mkuwa.
Kuchuluka kwa PCB Trace
Kapangidwe ka PCB kamadalira makulidwe a bolodi. Kukhuthala kwake kudzakhudza kukwanira kwa bolodi ndipo kudzasunga zinthuzo zikugwirizana.
Kuchuluka kwa PCB Trace
Kufupika kwa chizindikirocho n'kofunika kwambiri. Izi sizikhudza kulinganiza kapena kulumikiza kwa zigawo, koma zimasunga mphamvu yamagetsi ikusuntha popanda kutenthetsa kwambiri kapena kuwononga bolodi.
Kufufuza kwa PCB kwamakono
Mphamvu ya PCB trace ndi yofunika chifukwa iyi ndi yomwe bolodi limagwiritsa ntchito poyendetsa magetsi kudzera mu zigawo ndi mawaya. Mkuwa umathandiza kuti izi zitheke, ndipo elekitironi yaulere pa atomu iliyonse imapangitsa kuti mphamvuyo iyende bwino pamwamba pa bolodi.
Chifukwa chiyani Copper Foil ili pa PCBs
Njira Yopangira Ma PCB
Njira yopangira PCB ndi yofanana. Makampani ena amachita izi mwachangu kuposa ena, koma onse amagwiritsa ntchito njira ndi zipangizo zomwezo. Izi ndi njira:
Pangani maziko pogwiritsa ntchito fiberglass ndi resin
Ikani zigawo zamkuwa pa maziko
Dziwani ndi kukhazikitsa mapangidwe a mkuwa
Tsukani bolodi mu bafa
Onjezani chigoba cha solder kuti muteteze PCB
Ikani silkscreen pa PCB
Ikani ndi kusungunula zotetezera, ma circuits ophatikizidwa, ma capacitor, ndi zigawo zina
Yesani PCB
Ma PCB amafunika kukhala ndi zigawo zapadera kwambiri kuti agwire ntchito bwino. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa PCB ndi mkuwa. Chopangira ichi chikufunika kuti chiziyendetsa magetsi pa zipangizo zomwe ma PCB adzayikidwemo. Popanda mkuwa, zipangizozi sizingagwire ntchito chifukwa magetsi sadzakhala ndi chopangira choyendetsera.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-25-2022