Mu nthawi ya ukadaulo wamakono, zojambula zamkuwa zakhala gawo lofunika kwambiri popanga zipangizo zamagetsi. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake pa zipangizo zamagetsi n'kwakukulu, kuphatikizapo koma osati kokha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake mu ma printed circuit board (PCBs), ma capacitor ndi ma inductor, komanso poteteza ma electromagnetic.
Chofunika kwambiri pakati pa izi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zojambula zamkuwa m'mabwalo osindikizira. Zanenedwa kuti pafupifupi 70% ya padziko lonse lapansipepala la mkuwaKupanga ma PCB kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma PCB chaka chilichonse (Wang et al., 2017). Ma PCB ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pazida zamagetsi, zomwe zimalumikiza zida zamagetsi kudzera m'mabwalo a zojambula zamkuwa kuti apange dongosolo lamagetsi la chipangizocho. Mwachitsanzo, foni yanu yam'manja, kompyuta, komanso burashi yanu yamagetsi yonse ili ndi ma PCB. Zojambula zamkuwa zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri apa: ndizoyang'anira kutumiza zizindikiro zamagetsi, kuonetsetsa kuti chipangizocho chikugwira ntchito bwino.
Chotsatira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito foil yamkuwa mu ma capacitor ndi ma inductor. Ma capacitor ndi ma inductor ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri muzipangizo zamagetsi, zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri posintha magetsi ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, komanso kusefa phokoso. Mwachitsanzo, ma capacitor a aluminiyamu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ali ndi ma electrode awo opangidwa ndi foil yamkuwa. Foil yamkuwa sikuti imangopereka mphamvu zambiri, komanso imapereka mphamvu yabwino ya kutentha, kuonetsetsa kuti capacitor imakhala yokhazikika komanso yamoyo.
Pomaliza, tiyeni tiwone momwe foil yamkuwa imagwiritsidwira ntchito poteteza ma electromagnetic. M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, zida zathu zamagetsi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana zama electromagnetic, zomwe zingakhudze momwe zimagwirira ntchito nthawi zonse. Foil yamkuwa, yokhala ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zabwino kwambiri, imatha kuyamwa mafunde a electromagnetic awa, motero imapangitsa kuti chitetezo chikhale chosokoneza. Chitsanzo chabwino cha izi ndi foni yanu yam'manja. Chigoba chamkati cha foil yamkuwa cha electromagnetic cha foni chimapangidwa kuti chiteteze foni ku zovuta zakunja zama electromagnetic.
Pomaliza, kugwiritsa ntchito pepala la mkuwa mu zipangizo zamagetsi n'kofala kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti sitikuona m'miyoyo yathu ya tsiku ndi tsiku, miyoyo yathu ikanakhala yosayerekezeka popanda.
Kuphatikiza apo,pepala la mkuwaimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa mitundu yatsopano ya zipangizo zamagetsi. Mwachitsanzo, zipangizo zamagetsi zosinthasintha, chifukwa cha kupindika kwawo, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa zipangizo zovalidwa, zowonetsera zosinthasintha, ndi madera ena. Mu zipangizozi, zojambula zamkuwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala gawo la gawo losinthasintha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magetsi azigwira ntchito bwino.
Kuphatikiza apo, gawo la magalimoto amagetsi, lomwe lakhala likuchulukirachulukira m'zaka zaposachedwa, likugwiritsanso ntchito kwambiri zojambula zamkuwa. Magalimoto amagetsi amafunika kusungira mphamvu zambiri, ndipo zojambula zamkuwa ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la mabatire a lithiamu-ion, zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati thupi loyendetsa magetsi la elekitirodi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti batire lizichajidwa mwachangu komanso kutulutsa mphamvu.
M'magawo ofufuza apamwamba kwambiri monga superconductivity, foil yamkuwa imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Zipangizo zina zowongolera kwambiri zimafuna foil yamkuwa ngati gawo loyambira pokonzekera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufanana kwabwino kwa lattice ndi chitetezo chamagetsi.
Chifukwa chake, kaya muzipangizo zamagetsi zachikhalidwe kapena m'magawo atsopano aukadaulo wamagetsi, zojambula zamkuwa zimakhala ndi ntchito zambiri komanso zofunika kwambiri. Kaya ndi gulu lolumikizira mabwalo kapena ngati zinthu zotetezera maginito, zojambula zamkuwa zimapereka chithandizo cholimba pakugwira ntchito kwabwinobwino kwa zida zamagetsi. Ndipo ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, gawo logwiritsira ntchito zojambula zamkuwa lipitiliza kukula, kusonyeza kuthekera kwakukulu.
Kuphatikiza apo, pepala la mkuwa limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazida zamagetsi zamakono. Mwachitsanzo, zamagetsi osinthasintha, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo opindika, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zovalidwa, zotchingira zosinthasintha, ndi zina zambiri. Muzida zotere, pepala la mkuwa nthawi zambiri limagwira ntchito ngati gawo la gawo losinthasintha, zomwe zimapereka mphamvu zofunika zamagetsi.
Komanso, m'munda wa magalimoto amagetsi womwe ukuwonjezeka,pepala la mkuwaimapeza ntchito zofunika kwambiri. Magalimoto amagetsi amafunika kusungira mphamvu zambiri, ndipo foil yamkuwa ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la mabatire a lithiamu-ion. Monga thupi loyendetsa magetsi la electrode, limathandiza batri kuti lizitha kuyatsa ndi kutulutsa mphamvu mwachangu.
M'magawo ofufuza apamwamba, monga superconductivity, foil yamkuwa imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Zipangizo zina zoyendetsera superconductor zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito foil yamkuwa ngati substrate panthawi yopanga zinthu, zomwe zimapereka kufananiza bwino kwa lattice ndi chitetezo chamagetsi.
Chifukwa chake, kaya ndi m'zida zamagetsi zamakono kapena m'magawo aukadaulo wamagetsi, zojambula zamkuwa zimakhala ndi ntchito zambiri komanso zofunika. Zojambula zamkuwa zimapereka chitsimikizo cholimba cha magwiridwe antchito a zida zamagetsi, kaya ngati cholumikizira mu dera kapena ngati chinthu chotetezera maginito. Ndipo ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo, kuchuluka kwa zojambula zamkuwa kudzapitirira kukula, ndikuwulula kuthekera kwakukulu.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-23-2023